{"id":1464,"date":"2017-01-01T11:46:00","date_gmt":"2017-01-01T16:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/?p=1464"},"modified":"2026-04-19T18:09:45","modified_gmt":"2026-04-19T22:09:45","slug":"country-management-political-election-equitable-election-and-fund-raising-mechanism-together-on-beizhan-election-financial-system-%e5%9b%bd%e5%ae%b6%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86-%e6%94%bf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/?p=1464","title":{"rendered":"Country Management \u2013 Political Election – Equitable Election and Fund-Raising Mechanism Together on Beizhan Election Financial System \u56fd\u5bb6\u7ba1\u7406 \u2013 \u653f\u6cbb\u9009\u4e3e \u2013 \u516c\u5e73\u9009\u4e3e\u4e0e\u7b79\u6b3e\u673a\u5236 \u517c\u8bba\u5907\u6218\u9009\u4e3e\u8d22\u7ecf\u4f53\u7cfb"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\nCountry Management \u2013 Political Election – <\/span>Equitable
\nElection and Fund-Raising Mechanism<\/span><\/h3>\n

\nTogether on Beizhan Election
\nFinance System<\/span><\/h3>\n

\n <\/span><\/h3>\n
\n\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ba1\u7406 <\/span><\/b>\u2013 \u653f\u6cbb\u9009\u4e3e <\/span>\u2013 \u516c\u5e73\u9009\u4e3e\u4e0e\u7b79\u6b3e\u673a\u5236<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u517c\u8bba\u5907\u6218\u9009\u4e3e\u8d22\u7ecf\u4f53\u7cfb<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n<\/a><\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n
\n1.     
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>Realistic Election Financial System<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n
\nIn my previous article <<Election
\nPolitics and Head-Hunting Politics>> <\/b><\/span>[1]<\/span><\/sup><\/b>, I proposed Beizhan General
\nElection System<\/b>, which is an advocate to improve the existing election
\nsystem from the perspective of human resource management mainly. So, what can
\nbe done to develop and perfect the election fund-raising mechanism and the
\nelection consumption mechanism in the real election process?<\/span><\/div>\n
\n1.1. Election
\nfund-raising mechanism<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/span><\/b>Election fund-raising mechanism in reality is to raise
\npolitical contributions from corporations and individuals. In terms of
\npolitical contributions, in addition to election
\npolitical donations<\/b>, there are also routine political contributions to parties<\/b>.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n1.2. Election consumption mechanism<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/span><\/b>The election consuming mechanism in reality is that every
\ncandidate is basically to be responsible for his\/her own expenses; party
\nactivities expenses are also to be afforded by the party itself.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n1.3. Problems existed in reality<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/span><\/b>Current election financial mechanism has following problems
\nin the two aspects:<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n1). Fairness issue<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/span><\/b>In terms of political fund-raising, some candidates can
\nget more political contributions, some can not, then in election consumption,
\nnaturally some candidates will have more opportunities to promote themselves,
\nand some can not, this is obviously not fair, this is contrary to the complete
\ndemocratic spirit.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nOn the other hand, it is the political responsibility and obligation of
\nevery voter to participate in and support democratic politics. However, in case
\nof election contributions, some voters have political contributions and some do
\nnot. Some voters contribute more, and some voters contribute less, this is also
\nobviously not fair.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n2). Regulation violation issue<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/span><\/b>In the process of political donation, we often hear this kind
\nor that kind illegal fundraising events; political contribution scandals, and
\nso on. In other words, this process is very easy to go wrong.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n3). Solidarity issue<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/span><\/b>Since the political contributions of different parties
\nand candidates come from a variety of donors, in order to win the donors, it is
\nnatural that there will be two kind mutual struggling results. One is the struggle
\nfor the <\/span>indecisive<\/span><\/span>
\ndonors; one is the struggle of the party for the interests of the stable donors,
\nthis kind struggles ultimately will be manifested in the struggle of the
\nindustries.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n4). Decent issue<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/span><\/b>In terms of contributions, no matter what kind reasons, it
\nis the matter of reaching out or speaking out to others for money, regardless
\nof the fundraiser’s official position level, reputation, it will make people
\nfeel not very decent. In some large gatherings, only a slight contribution was received,
\nit is really a loss of face.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n2. Beizhan Election Finance
\nSystem<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n
\nTo solve the above problems, it is necessary to improve the existing election
\nfinancial system. Here, I would like to propose Beizhan election finance system<\/b>. Beizhan election finance system is a completely fair, clean, decent,
\nunited election finance system.<\/b> When this election finance system
\nintegrated with Beizhan general election
\nsystem<\/b>, it will achieve the best thrift result.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n2.1. Beizhan general election system<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\nWith the application of pre-requirements for candidates, the number of
\ncandidates can be controlled. So the overall budget for the elections can be controlled.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n2.2. Beizhan election finance system<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\nBeizhan election finance system<\/span><\/b> mainly includes the
\nfollowing contents:<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n2.2.1. Political responsibility tax
\n(Political obligation tax)<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/span><\/b>Political election is the responsibility and obligation
\nof every voter. Every voter also enjoys the country’s political management services
\nin different levels, so every voter has the obligation to pay a slight
\ncontribution to the political election. Therefore, I advocate the establishment
\nof political responsibility tax (or
\npolitical obligation tax).<\/b> The
\npolitical responsibility tax can be levied every four years; the tax rate can
\nbe about 0.5%.<\/b> The max value of political
\nresponsibility tax can not be over $1,250, etc.<\/b> Details can be decided
\naccording to demand. So that the
\nfairness of election fundraising<\/b> can be achieved, and so on. For every
\nvoter, it is affordable. For example: for a voter with an annual income of $50,000,
\nhis\/her every four year\u2019s political contribution is about: $250.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n2.2.2. Standard equitable election
\nconsumption distribution mechanism (uniform system) <\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/span><\/b>When having sufficient funding for elections, how can we
\nfairly use the election fund? I advocate standard
\nequitable election consumption distribution, which is the so-called uniform
\nsystem.<\/b> The election resources and services for each candidate are the
\nsame, such as: advertisements, propaganda, speeches, mass activities, etc.,
\njust like each candidate gets a standardized uniform. Each candidate will also
\nreceive the same financial compensation after the election, which is what I
\nmentioned paid election<\/b>. To do so,
\nyou can avoid the drawbacks of financial reimbursement system.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n2.2.3. Election consumption management
\nsystem<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/span><\/b>In specific operation, the political responsibility tax,
\nof course, shall be managed by the revenue agency. Election consumption can be
\nmanaged by the Constituency Administration
\nCenter <\/b>under the leadership of the Election
\nBureau<\/b>.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n3. Significance<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\nThe advantages of Beizhan election finance
\nsystem<\/b> lie in multiple aspects, such as:<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n3.1. Fairness<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\nThe election resources acquired by each candidate are completely equal. Voters contribute
\nsame proportion of political contributions (political responsibility tax) according
\nto their incomes, this is also reasonable.<\/span> <\/span>Relatively
\nwealthy voters shall also take a little bit more political obligations and
\nresponsibilities.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n <\/span>
\n3.2. Integrity<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\nBeizhan election finance system<\/b> can
\nminimize and eliminate the political contribution scandals to the max degree.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n3.3. Intensiveness<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/span><\/b>Enterprises will never have the burden of political
\ncontributions; political frictions among industries will be removed, individual
\nvoter\u2019s financial burden is not large either.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n3.4. Standardization <\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/span><\/b>The uniform system management implemented by the Constituency Administration Center <\/b>under
\nthe leadership of Election Bureau<\/b>, can
\nhave unified arrangements and achieve standardized business-like operation.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n3.5. Intensiveness<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/span><\/b>The <\/b>centralized
\nprocurement of election resources and services can be achieved, so as to
\nachieve the intensiveness of election.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n3.6. Decency<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\nCandidates and parties can completely eliminate or reduce disgraceful political
\ncontribution activities. Election activities will also be more formal and
\ndecent.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n3.7. Participation<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/span><\/b>As each candidate will acquire equal election resources
\nand services, the voters\u2019 participation rate will be extended greatly.  <\/span>Since voters will not worry about to be
\nrequested for donations when participating political activities, voter\u2019s
\nwillingness and behaviors to participate political activities will also be greatly
\nincreased.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n3.8 Extensive<\/b>ness<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\nAs the election resources and services are uniformly planned and uniformly
\ndistributed, and election expenses are quite sufficient, the contacts between
\ncandidates and voters will be more extensive.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n3.9. Solidarity<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\nThe establishment of Beizhan election
\nfinance system,<\/b> makes the struggles among different parties and candidates caused
\nby political contributions to be disappeared. Thus the solidarity of party and
\ncountry will be enhanced. The battles among industries will also come to an
\nend.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n3.10. Economic Benefits<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\nThe accumulation of every four year political responsibility taxes after
\npolitical consumption, can be operated in the form of a fund, it may eventually
\nbecome a huge amount of national fund (billions or several 10 billions), and earn
\nfurther profits for the country. Adequate election fund will also further
\npromote the media economy.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n1.   <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u8d22\u7ecf\u4f53\u7cfb<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u5728\u6211\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u9009\u4e3e\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u730e\u5934\u653f\u6cbb\u300b<\/b><\/span>[1] <\/span><\/sup><\/b>\u4e00\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5907\u6218\u666e\u9009\u4f53\u5236<\/b>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4ece\u4eba\u529b\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u5b8c\u5584\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3b\u5f20\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u9009\u4e3e\u7b79\u6b3e\u673a\u5236\u548c\u9009\u4e3e\u6d88\u8d39\u673a\u5236\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n1.1.                 
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u9009\u4e3e\u7b79\u6b3e\u673a\u5236<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u7b79\u6b3e\u673a\u5236\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6350\u6b3e\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u5c31\u653f\u6cbb\u6350\u6b3e\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u9009\u4e3e\u653f\u6cbb\u6350\u6b3e<\/b>\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u515a\u56e2\u653f\u6cbb\u6350\u6b3e<\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n1.2.                 
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u9009\u4e3e\u6d88\u8d39\u673a\u5236<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u6d88\u8d39\u673a\u5236\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u53c2\u9009\u4eba\u81ea\u6211\u8d1f\u8d23\u5176\u5f00\u9500\u7684\uff0c\u515a\u56e2\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e5f\u662f\u7531\u515a\u56e2\u81ea\u6211\u8d1f\u8d23\u5176\u8d39\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n1.3.                 
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u73b0\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u8d22\u7ecf\u673a\u5236\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u5982\u4e0b\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n1\uff09\u3002\u516c\u5e73\u6027\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u5c31\u653f\u6cbb\u7b79\u6b3e\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u53c2\u9009\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6350\u6b3e\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5374\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u9009\u4e3e\u6d88\u8d39\u4e0a\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u7684\u53c2\u9009\u4eba\u6709\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u5ba3\u4f20\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5374\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\uff0c\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u7684\uff0c
\n\u6709\u6096\u4e8e\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u4ece\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u8bb2\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u548c\u652f\u6301\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u6c11\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8d23\u4efb\u548c\u4e49\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u5c31\u9009\u4e3e\u6350\u6b3e\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u9009\u6c11\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u6350\u6b3e\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u3002\u6709\u7684\u9009\u6c11\u6350\u5f97\u591a\uff0c
\n\u6709\u7684\u9009\u6c11\u6350\u5f97\u5c11\uff0c\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n2\uff09\u3002\u8fdd\u89c4\u6027\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u6350\u6b3e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u662f\u65f6\u5e38\u542c\u5230\u8fd9\u6837\u6216\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u8fdd\u89c4\u7b79\u6b3e\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u732e\u91d1\u4e11\u95fb\uff0c
\n\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c \u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n3\uff09\u3002\u56e2\u7ed3\u6027\u95ee\u9898 <\/span><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n
\n\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u515a\u56e2\u53ca\u53c2\u9009\u4eba\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6350\u6b3e\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u7684\u6350\u6b3e\u4eba\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u80fd\u591f\u4e89\u53d6\u5230\u6350\u6b3e\u4eba\uff0c\u5c31\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e24\u79cd\u4e92\u76f8\u4e89\u6597\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4e00\u662f\u53c2\u9009\u4eba\u4e3a\u4e89\u53d6\u4e0d\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u6350\u6b3e\u4eba\u7684\u6597\u4e89\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u515a\u56e2\u4e3a\u4e86\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u6350\u6b3e\u4eba\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u6597\u4e89\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6597\u4e89\u6700\u7ec8\u5c31\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u6597\u4e89\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n4\uff09\u3002\u4f53\u9762\u6027\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u5c31\u6350\u6b3e\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u8981\u4f38\u624b\u6216\u5f00\u53e3\u5411\u4ed6\u4eba\u8981\u94b1\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u52df\u6350\u8005\u7684\u5b98\u4f4d\u9ad8\u4f4e\uff0c\u540d\u58f0\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4eba\u89c9\u5f97\u4e0d\u5f88\u4f53\u9762\u3002\u6709\u7684\u5927\u578b\u96c6\u4f1a\uff0c\u5374\u53ea\u6536\u5230\u4e9b\u5fae\u7684\u6350\u6b3e\uff0c\u5b9e\u5728\u662f\u8ba9\u4eba\u5f88\u5931\u9762\u5b50\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n2.  
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u5907\u6218\u9009\u4e3e\u8d22\u7ecf\u4f53\u7cfb<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c31\u5f88\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5b8c\u5584\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u8d22\u7ecf\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u63d0\u51fa\u5907\u6218\u9009\u4e3e\u8d22\u7ecf\u4f53\u7cfb<\/b>\u3002\u5907\u6218\u9009\u4e3e\u8d22\u7ecf\u4f53\u7cfb\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b8c\u5168\u516c\u5e73\u7684\uff0c\u5ec9\u6d01\u7684\uff0c\u4f53\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u56e2\u7ed3\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u8d22\u7ecf\u4f53\u7cfb<\/b>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u9009\u4e3e\u8d22\u7ecf\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u548c\u5907\u6218\u666e\u9009\u4f53\u5236\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u8282\u7ea6\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n2.1.                 
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u5907\u6218\u666e\u9009\u4f53\u5236<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u901a\u8fc7\u53c2\u9009\u4eba\u9884\u5148\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u53c2\u9009\u4eba\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u5f97\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u9009\u4e3e\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u9884\u7b97\u5f97\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n2.2.                 
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u5907\u6218\u9009\u4e3e\u8d22\u7ecf\u4f53\u7cfb<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u5907\u6218\u9009\u4e3e\u8d22\u7ecf\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n2.2.1.                    
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u653f\u6cbb\u8d23\u4efb\u7a0e<\/span><\/b>(\u653f\u6cbb\u4e49\u52a1\u7a0e<\/span>)<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u653f\u6cbb\u9009\u4e3e\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u6c11\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u548c\u4e49\u52a1\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u6c11\u4e5f\u90fd\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u5ea6\u5730\u4eab\u7528\u56fd\u5bb6\u653f\u6cbb\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u6c11\u90fd\u6709\u4e49\u52a1\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u9009\u4e3e\u4ed8\u51fa\u4e9b\u5fae\u7684\u5949\u732e\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u4e3b\u5f20\u8bbe\u7acb\u653f\u6cbb\u8d23\u4efb\u7a0e<\/b><\/span>(\u6216\u653f\u6cbb\u4e49\u52a1\u7a0e<\/span>)<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u653f\u6cbb\u8d23\u4efb\u7a0e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bcf\u56db\u5e74\u5f81\u6536\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u7a0e\u7387\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728<\/b><\/span>0.5%\u5de6\u53f3<\/span><\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span>\u653f\u6cbb\u8d23\u4efb\u7a0e\u7684\u7a0e\u6b3e\u989d\u5ea6\u6700\u591a\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7<\/span>1,250<\/b>\u5143\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u56e0\u9700\u800c\u5b9a\u3002<\/span><\/b>\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u9009\u4e3e\u7b79\u6b3e\u7684\u516c\u5e73\u6027<\/b>\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u6c11\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e74\u6536\u5165<\/span>5\u4e07\u7684\u9009\u6c11\uff0c\u6bcf\u56db\u5e74\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6350\u6b3e\u5927\u6982\u4e3a\uff1a<\/span>250\u5143<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n2.2.2.                    
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u9009\u4e3e\u6d88\u8d39\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u516c\u5e73\u5206\u914d\u673a\u5236\uff08\u5236\u670d\u4f53\u5236\uff09<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u5728\u6709\u4e86\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u7ecf\u8d39\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u516c\u5e73\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u9009\u4e3e\u7ecf\u8d39\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4e3b\u5f20\u9009\u4e3e\u6d88\u8d39\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u516c\u5e73\u5206\u914d\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u5236\u670d\u4f53\u5236<\/b>\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53c2\u9009\u4eba\u6240\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\uff0c \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5e7f\u544a\uff0c\u5ba3\u4f20\uff0c\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u7fa4\u4f17\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53c2\u9009\u4eba\u90fd\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684\u5236\u670d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53c2\u9009\u4eba\u5728\u9009\u4e3e\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u4e5f\u90fd\u7ed9\u4e0e\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8865\u507f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u6240\u8bb2\u7684\u6709\u916c\u52b3\u7684\u9009\u4e3e<\/b>\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u8d22\u52a1\u62a5\u9500\u5236\u7684\u5f0a\u7aef\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n2.2.3.                    
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u9009\u4e3e\u6d88\u8d39\u7ba1\u7406\u4f53\u5236<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u8d23\u4efb\u7a0e\u5f53\u7136\u7531\u7a0e\u5c40\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u9009\u4e3e\u6d88\u8d39\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u9009\u4e3e\u5c40<\/b>\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\u7684\u9009\u533a\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/b>\u6765\u5b9e\u65bd\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n3.  
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u610f\u4e49<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u5907\u6218\u9009\u4e3e\u8d22\u7ecf\u4f53\u7cfb<\/span><\/b>\u7684\u4f18\u8d8a\u6027\u662f\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n3.1.                 
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u516c\u5e73\u6027<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u9009\u4eba\u6240\u83b7\u5f97\u9009\u4e3e\u8d44\u6e90\u5b8c\u5168\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u9009\u6c11\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8d23\u4efb\u7a0e\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6536\u5165\u800c\u8d21\u732e\u76f8\u540c\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6350\u6b3e<\/span>(\u653f\u6cbb\u8d23\u4efb\u7a0e<\/span>)\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002\u76f8\u5bf9\u5bcc\u88d5\u7684\u9009\u6c11\u4e5f\u5e94\u5f53\u627f\u62c5\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e49\u52a1\u548c\u8d23\u4efb\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n3.2.                 
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u5ec9\u6d01\u6027<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u5907\u6218\u9009\u4e3e\u8d22\u7ecf\u4f53\u7cfb<\/span><\/b>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u548c\u6d88\u9664\u653f\u6cbb\u732e\u91d1\u4e11\u95fb\u3002<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n3.3.                 
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u8282\u7ea6\u6027<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u4f01\u4e1a\u6c38\u65e0\u653f\u6cbb\u6350\u6b3e\u4e4b\u8d1f\u62c5\uff0c\u53bb\u9664\u884c\u4e1a\u653f\u6cbb\u5185\u8017\uff0c\u9009\u6c11\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u8d1f\u62c5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5927\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n3.4.                 
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u6807\u51c6\u5316<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u5728\u9009\u4e3e\u5c40<\/b>\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\u7684\u9009\u533a\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/b>\u6765\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u5236\u670d\u5236\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7edf\u4e00\u5b89\u6392\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u4f3c\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n3.5.                 
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u96c6\u7ea6\u6027<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u9009\u4e3e\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u96c6\u4e2d\u91c7\u8d2d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9009\u4e3e\u7684\u96c6\u7ea6\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n3.6.                 
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u4f53\u9762\u6027<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u53c2\u9009\u4eba\u548c\u515a\u56e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u53d6\u6d88\u6216\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u4f53\u9762\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6350\u6b3e\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u9009\u4e3e\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e5f\u5c06\u66f4\u4e3a\u6b63\u89c4\u548c\u4f53\u9762\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n3.7.                 
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u53c2\u4e0e\u5ea6<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u653f\u6cbb\u53c2\u9009\u4eba\u5747\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u9009\u6c11\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u5ea6\u7531\u6b64\u5c06\u4f1a\u5927\u5927\u5730\u6269\u5927\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u9009\u6c11\u4e0d\u518d\u62c5\u5fc3\u53c2\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3b\u52a8\u4f1a\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u653f\u6cbb\u6350\u6b3e\uff0c\u9009\u6c11\u53c2\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u610f\u613f\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u5c06\u5927\u5927\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n3.8.                 
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u5e7f\u6cdb\u6027<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u7531\u4e8e\u9009\u4e3e\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u7edf\u4e00\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u7edf\u4e00\u5206\u914d\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u9009\u4e3e\u7ecf\u8d39\u5341\u5206\u5145\u8db3\uff0c\u53c2\u9009\u4eba\u548c\u9009\u6c11\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u5c06\u66f4\u4e3a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n3.9.                 
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u56e2\u7ed3\u6027<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u5907\u6218\u9009\u4e3e\u8d22\u7ecf\u4f53\u7cfb<\/span><\/b>\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u515a\u56e2\u53ca\u53c2\u9009\u4eba\u56e0\u7531\u653f\u6cbb\u6350\u6b3e\u7684\u4e89\u6597\u5f97\u4ee5\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u4ece\u800c\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u515a\u56e2\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u56e2\u7ed3\u6027\u3002\u884c\u4e1a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e89\u6597\u4e5f\u5c06\u5bff\u7ec8\u6b63\u5bdd\u3002<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n3.10.             
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5229\u76ca<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u6bcf\u56db\u5e74\u4e00\u5ea6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8d23\u4efb\u7a0e\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u6d88\u8d39\u540e\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u91d1\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u7ecf\u8425\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u6570\u989d\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u57fa\u91d1\uff08\u51e0\u5341\u4ebf\u6216\u51e0\u767e\u4ebf\uff09\uff0c\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d5a\u53d6\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u5229\u6da6\u3002\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u7ecf\u8d39\u4e5f\u5fc5\u5c06\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5a92\u4f53\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n[1]. Beizhan Liu (2016) <<Election Politics and Head-Hunting
\nPolitics>> in <<Policy Framework>> (pp. 143-162)<\/span><\/p>\n

  — Beizhan Liu <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Country Management \u2013 Political Election – Equitable Election and Fund-Raising Mechanism Together on Beizhan Election Finance System   \u56fd\u5bb6\u7ba1\u7406 \u2013 \u653f\u6cbb\u9009\u4e3e \u2013 \u516c\u5e73\u9009\u4e3e\u4e0e\u7b79\u6b3e\u673a\u5236 \u517c\u8bba\u5907\u6218\u9009\u4e3e\u8d22\u7ecf\u4f53\u7cfb 1.      Realistic Election Financial System In my previous article <<Election Politics and Head-Hunting Politics>> [1], I proposed Beizhan General Election System, which is an advocate to improve the existing election system […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3528,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"iawp_total_views":2,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1464","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-birdview"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1464","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1464"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1464\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4971,"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1464\/revisions\/4971"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3528"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1464"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1464"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1464"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}