{"id":1498,"date":"2016-10-16T11:40:00","date_gmt":"2016-10-16T15:40:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/?p=1498"},"modified":"2026-04-19T18:12:25","modified_gmt":"2026-04-19T22:12:25","slug":"economic-wheel-beizhan-economic-control-theory-%e7%bb%8f%e6%b5%8e%e4%b9%8b%e8%bd%ae-%e5%a4%87%e6%88%98%e7%bb%8f%e6%b5%8e%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6%e8%ae%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/?p=1498","title":{"rendered":"Economic Wheel \u2013 Beizhan Economic Control Theory [\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e4b\u8f6e \u2013 \u5907\u6218\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba]"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\nEconomic
\nWheel \u2013 Beizhan Economic Control Theory<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n[\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e4b\u8f6e <\/span>\u2013 \u5907\u6218\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba<\/span>]<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
\n<\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n<\/a><\/b><\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n
\n1. Introduction<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nI often compare our
\nplanet to we all owned the spacecraft sailing in the space. So the spacecraft’s
\neconomy as the world economy and national economy, how shall we develop and
\ncontrol it? After I have proposed the limited economic development theory and
\nthe macroeconomic evaluation system, I will propose another branch of economic
\ntheory, namely, Beizhan Economic Control
\nTheory<\/b>.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n2. The existed economic control theory<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nRegarding the economic
\ncontrol theory, of course, is not a new thing. The term “<\/span>Economic control theory<\/span><\/span>” was first
\nproposed at the World Cybernetic Congress in Paris in 1952. In 1954, American
\nmathematician RS Phillips began to use second-order ordinary differential
\nequation to describe the macroeconomic system, and discussed the system’s
\nopen-loop control and closed-loop control problem, using PID
\n(proportional-integral-differential) control principle to improve the stability
\nof economic policy. Economic control
\ntheory is a discipline to apply modern control theory and methods to study the
\nevolution regular pattern and optimal control of economic systems; it is an
\nimportant branch of control theory. Economic control theory includes the
\neconomic system modeling, simulation, identification, optimal control and
\nsub-optimal control.<\/b> Economic control theory emphasizes on using the point
\nof views of holistic, dynamic, interrelated and coordinated development to
\nstudy the economic system\u201d [1]<\/sup>.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n3. The shortcomings of current economic control theory<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nI am very interested
\nin automatic control theory in my youth age, and studied many relevant books,
\nsuch as: system control theory, fuzzy
\ncontrol theory<\/b>, and so on. Therefore, I know one or two about control
\ntheory. The shortcomings of the existing economic control theory lie in:<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>The
\nexisting economic control theory is based on assumptions, and not based facts.
\nIts emphasis is on economic system simulation modeling, rather than factual
\nmodeling;<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>The
\nexisting economic control theory is not based on the monitoring of the current
\neconomic situation;<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>The
\nexisting economic control theory treats all economic systems as equivalent to
\nthe same economic system for mathematical simulation analysis and research does
\nwithout differentiation and focus;<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>Most
\nexisting economic control theories are simulations of single economic policy,
\nand confirmation of economic policy;<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>The
\nguiding significance of the existing economic control theory to the real national
\neconomy is indirect and relatively weak;<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n4. Beizhan economic control theory<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n4.1. Concepts<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nAs early as 2011, I
\nadvocated to buildup economics based on facts rather than assumptions, to
\nestablish a touchable economics. Beizhan economic control theory I proposed is
\npart of the touchable economics what I advocated. Beizhan economic control theory is a kind economic control theory
\nconducting all-round, focused analysis and research of real economy based on
\neconomic facts and the monitoring of economic facts, using a variety of
\neconomic levers to realize real-time self-regulation as much as possible<\/b>.
\nIn order to distinguish the differences between this economic control theory
\nand the existing economic control theory, so I named as Beizhan economic control theory<\/b>.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n4.2. Foundations<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nBeizhan economic
\ncontrol theory is mainly based on the following basis<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>The
\nfacts of the current economic situation<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>Beizhan
\nnational economic evaluation system<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>Product
\nlife cycle theory<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>Beizhan
\nproduct value life cycle theory<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>Limited
\neconomic development theory<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>Ecological
\nenvironmental cost theory<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n4.3. Content<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n4.3.1. Monitoring of economic realities<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nBefore talking about
\nthe monitoring of economic realities, I will first clarify the concept of
\n“real-time”. The monitoring of the economic system can not, of
\ncourse, be as accurate as the “real-time” concept in industrial
\ncontrol which has an accuracy of minute or second. Real-time monitoring of the economic system should be reasonable to
\nhave a year as unit of time.<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nThe monitoring of
\neconomic realities is to collect a variety of economic indicators of an
\neconomic system. For national economy, it is to obtain different evaluation
\nindicators of a national economic system and economic indicators of different
\nindustries (Beizhan national economic evaluation system), such as: Domestic
\nGross Produce (GDP), GROSS DOMESTIC COST (GDC) and GROSS DOMESTIC ENVIRONMENTAL
\nCOST (GDEC), the national economy <\/span>bubble indicator <\/span><\/b>\uff08<\/span><\/b>bubble
\ndegree\/volume<\/span><\/b>\uff09<\/span><\/b>,
\nthe national economic <\/span>correlation indicator<\/span><\/b> (Tightness<\/span> Degree), and so on.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n4.3.2. Analysis of economic evaluation indicators<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nAfter obtaining the
\nvarious economic indicators of an economic system, it is necessary to analyze,
\ncalculate and evaluate various economic indicators, and find the appropriate control
\npoints and control levers, and realize the self-regulation of the economic
\nsystem to the greatest extent.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n4.3.2.1. Control point analysis and determination<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nSpeaking on any system
\nneed to be controlled, first we need to choose the controllable system
\nvariables [2]<\/sup>, that is, a system\u2019s control points. Secondly, we need
\nto determine the optimal value of system variables. Economic system control
\npoint selection refers to complete determination of an economic system\u2019s
\nvarious economic indicators, for the national economy concerned; it is the
\nimprovement of Beizhan national economic evaluation system. And then we need to
\ndetermine the ideal values of various economic indicators of an economic
\nsystem. This is the control point analysis and determination, such as: national
\neconomic bubble indicator, industry bubble indicator, tightness indicator,
\ninternational indicator, environmental cost indicator, and so on, as well as
\ntheir ideal values.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n4.3.2.2. Analysis and determination of control levers<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nIn a control system,
\nto achieve the dynamic control and optimal control of the system, the most
\ncentral part is the fully application of the feedback mechanism [2]<\/sup>.
\nThen the feedback mechanism in economic system control is to choose different
\ncontrol levers (economic policies) for different control points and their ideal
\nvalues. Such control levers should be economic levers that can enable an
\neconomic system to realize self-regulation as much as possible, for example:
\nthe vacant property tax I proposed for the real estate economy, and so on. This
\nis the analysis and determination of control levers.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n4.3.3. Establishment of economic model (Beizhan economic
\ncontrol model)<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nThe economic model
\nbased on Beizhan economic control theory can be called as Beizhan economic
\ncontrol model, which mainly includes the model of economic system based on fact
\ndata, the model of evaluation system and the model of control levers.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n4.4. Special content<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nBeizhan economic
\ncontrol theory is an economic theory which can cover the national economy,
\nindustrial economy and various economic subsystems, because the economic
\ntheories applied are all very fundamental, for example: product life cycle
\ntheory, product value life cycle theory, etc.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n4.4.1. Application of product life cycle<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nWith the application
\nof product life cycle theory, economic structure control points can be
\ndetermined, such as: emerging economy control point, lagged economy control
\npoint, economic structure control point, and so on. And we can find the best
\ncontrol levers, so as to achieve the scientific adjustment of economic
\nstructure, such as:<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>Introduction
\nand cultivation of emerging economy<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>Upgrading
\ntraditional economy<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>Exiting
\nlagged economy<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n4.4.2. Application of product value life cycle<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nWith the application
\nof product value life cycle theory, we can fundamentally determine the control point of economy\u2019s bubble
\ndegree<\/b>, and to achieve the control of the bubble economy, so as to
\neliminate the economic crisis, to achieve intensification and environmental
\nprotection property of economy.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n4.4.3. The application of economic wheel<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nI will elaborate on
\nthe theory and concept of economic wheel in another paper. With the application
\nof the concept of economic wheel, we can determine
\nthe internationalization indicator and the status control point of an economic
\nsystem<\/b> (input and output demand control point and control lever), so as to
\nrealize the scientific and orderly property of national economy
\ninternationalization (internal and external), for example:<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>Bridging
\nwith upstream economic wheels<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>Bridging
\nwith downstream economy wheels<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>Bridging
\nwith domestic economic wheels<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n5. Special principles<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nWhen determining
\neconomic control levers with Beizhan economic control theory, the following
\nbasic principles shall be <\/span>emphasized<\/span><\/span> particularly:<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n5.1. The establishment of control levers (economic policy)
\nshall ensure adequate social employment<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n5.2. The establishment of control levers (economic policy)
\nshall reduce inflation as much as possible<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n5.3. The establishment of control levers (economic policy)
\nshall ensure equitable distribution of wealth<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n5.4. The establishment of control levers (economic policy)
\nshall ensure fair participation and sharing of the economy among all members of
\nsociety<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n6. Relationships with Beizhan school of thought<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nBeizhan economic
\ncontrol theory is not contradiction with the theory of <\/span>\u200b\u200b<\/span>one macroeconomic theory of Beizhan
\nschool of thought. Beizhan economic control theory is also an independent
\nbranch of macroeconomic theory, it is based
\non economic facts and the monitoring of economic facts, it conducts all-round,
\nfocused analysis and research on real economy, it uses a variety of economic
\nlevers to realize real-time self-regulation of real economy as much as possible<\/b>.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n7. Significance<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nThe significances of
\nBeizhan economic control theory lie in:<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>The
\nsignificance of real-time and comprehensive monitoring of the current status of
\neconomy operation<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>The
\nsignificance of near real-time and focused control of the current status of
\neconomy operation<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>The
\nscientific significance of selecting control levers (economic policy)<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>The
\ndirect significance of control over current economic operation<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>Guidance
\nsignificance of real-time self-regulation of economic system<\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u00b7        
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>The
\nscientific significance of determination of the internal relationships of an
\neconomic system and the external relationships<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n8. Summary<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nBeizhan economic
\ncontrol theory is another important contribution to Beizhan school of thought,
\nBeizhan economic control theory will poke
\nthe clouds to see the blue sky<\/b>, making us understand the status of the
\neconomic operation with crystal clear, so as to achieve the scientific nature,
\nfocusing nature, real-time nature, directness nature of the control on the
\ncurrent economic operation, and achieve self-regulation of the economic system
\nas much as possible. Beizhan economic
\ncontrol theory will build the theoretical foundation for the economic control
\nof we all owned the spacecraft sailing in the space, and will guide every
\ncountry to establish independent and interrelated hierarchical economic control
\ncenters. This is the world economic management tomorrow<\/b>. This is the
\ndirection we should strive. Of course, as a newly proposed economic theory, its
\ncovered fields are very extensive, it is impossible to fully elaborate it with
\none article. There are a lot of works need to be completed by experts in this
\nfield.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n1.   <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u5f15\u8a00<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u6211\u65f6\u5e38\u5c06\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5730\u7403\u6bd4\u4f5c\u6211\u4eec\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u5171\u6709\u7684\u822a\u884c\u5728\u592a\u7a7a\u4e2d\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u98de\u8239\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u98de\u8239\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6211\u4eec\u53c8\u5f53\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u5462\uff1f\u5728\u6211\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6709\u9650\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u6b64\u6587\u4e2d\u5c06\u63d0\u51fa\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u5373\u5907\u6218\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba<\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n2.   <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u5c31\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u65b0\u751f\u4e8b\u7269\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u4e00\u8bcd\u6700\u65e9\u5728<\/span>1952<\/span>\u5e74\u5df4\u9ece\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5927\u4f1a\u4e0a\u9996\u5148\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u201c<\/span>1954<\/span>\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6<\/span>R.S.<\/span>\u83f2\u5229\u666e\u65af\u5f00\u59cb\u7528\u4e8c\u9636\u5e38\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u63cf\u8ff0\u5b8f\u89c2\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5f00\u73af\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u95ed\u73af\u63a7\u5236\u95ee\u9898<\/span>,<\/span>\u91c7\u7528<\/span>PID<\/span>\uff08\u6bd4\u4f8b<\/span>–<\/span>\u79ef\u5206<\/span>–<\/span>\u5fae\u5206\uff09\u63a7\u5236\u539f\u7406\u6765\u6539\u5584\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u73b0\u4ee3\u63a7\u5236\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u89c4\u5f8b\u548c\u6700\u4f18\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u5206\u652f\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u62ec\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5efa\u6a21\u3001\u4eff\u771f\u3001\u8fa8\u8bc6\u3001\u4f30\u8ba1\u4ee5\u81f3\u6700\u4f18\u63a7\u5236\u6216\u6b21\u4f18\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/b>\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5f3a\u8c03\u7528\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u8054\u7cfb\u548c\u534f\u8c03\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u201d<\/span>[1]<\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n3.   <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n\u6211\u672c\u4eba\u5728\u9752\u5e74\u65f6\u4ee3\u5c31\u5bf9\u81ea\u52a8\u63a7\u5236\u7406\u8bba\u5f88\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u5e76\u94bb\u7814\u8fc7\u8bb8\u591a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e66\u7c4d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u63a7\u5236\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u6a21\u7cca\u63a7\u5236\u7406\u8bba<\/b>\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5bf9\u63a7\u5236\u7406\u8bba\u4e5f\u7565\u77e5\u4e00\u4e8c\u3002\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
    \n
  • \u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u3002\u5176\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4eff\u771f\u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5efa\u6a21\uff1b<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • \u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u4e0d\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709\u7ecf\u6d4e\u73b0\u72b6\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\uff1b<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • \u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u7406\u8bba\u4e0d\u52a0\u533a\u522b\u5730\uff0c\u4e0d\u5206\u91cd\u70b9\u5730\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u540c\u6837\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b66\u4eff\u771f\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76
    \n \uff1b<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • \u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u7406\u8bba\u5927\u591a\u662f\u5bf9\u5355\u7acb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u6a21\u62df\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\uff1b<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • \u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u7406\u8bba\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u95f4\u63a5\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5f31\u7684\uff1b<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \n<\/div>\n
    \n4.   <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u5907\u6218\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
    \n<\/div>\n
    \n4.1.                 
    \n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u6982\u5ff5<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
    \n<\/div>\n
    \n\u6211\u65e9\u5728<\/span>2011\u5e74\u5c31\u9f13\u5439\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u800c\u975e\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\uff0c\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u53ef\u89e6\u6478\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u3002\u6211\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5907\u6218\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u6240\u9f13\u5439\u7684\u53ef\u89e6\u6478\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5907\u6218\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5c31\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u65b9\u4f4d\u7684\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u5206\u6790\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u5229\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6760\u6746\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9e\u65f6\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u8282\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u7406\u8bba\u3002<\/b>\u4e3a\u4e86\u533a\u522b\u8be5\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u7406\u8bba\u540c\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6545\u547d\u540d\u5176\u4e3a\u5907\u6218\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba<\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
    \n<\/div>\n
    \n4.2.                 
    \n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u57fa\u7840<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
    \n<\/div>\n
    \n\u5907\u6218\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
    \n<\/div>\n
      \n
    • \u7ecf\u6d4e\u73b0\u72b6\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/li>\n
    • \u5907\u6218\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4f53\u7cfb<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/li>\n
    • \u4ea7\u54c1\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7406\u8bba<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/li>\n
    • \u5907\u6218\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7406\u8bba<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/li>\n
    • \u6709\u9650\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u7406\u8bba<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/li>\n
    • \u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u6210\u672c\u8bba<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n4.3.                 
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u5185\u5bb9<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n4.3.1.                    
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u7ecf\u6d4e\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u76d1\u63a7<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n\u5728\u8c08\u8bba\u7ecf\u6d4e\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u9996\u5148\u6765\u9610\u660e\u4e00\u4e0b\u201c\u5b9e\u65f6\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u50cf\u5de5\u4e1a\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\u201c\u5b9e\u65f6\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u4e00\u5206\u4e00\u79d2\u7684\u7cbe\u51c6\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u4ee5\u4e00\u5e74\u4e3a\u65f6\u95f4\u5355\u4f4d\u5e94\u5f53\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5408\u7406\u7684<\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n\u7ecf\u6d4e\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u5c31\u662f\u6536\u96c6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6307\u6807\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6307\u6807\u53ca\u5404\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6307\u6807\uff08\u5907\u6218\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4f53\u7cfb\uff09\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u603b\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6ce1\u6cab\u6027\u6307\u6807\uff08\u6ce1\u6cab\u5ea6<\/span>\/\u91cf\uff09\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u6307\u6807\uff08\u7d27\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff09\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n4.3.2.                    
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6307\u6807\u7684\u5206\u6790<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n\u5728\u83b7\u53d6\u4e86\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6307\u6807\u540e\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6307\u6807\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u5e76\u5bfb\u627e\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u70b9\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u6760\u6746\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u63a7\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n4.3.2.1.                       
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u63a7\u5236\u70b9\u5206\u6790\u53ca\u786e\u5b9a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u8981\u9009\u53d6\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u53ef\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u91cf<\/span>[2]<\/span><\/sup>\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u70b9\u3002\u5176\u6b21\u8981\u786e\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u503c\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u63a7\u5236\u70b9\u7684\u9009\u53d6\u6307\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5404\u79cd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6307\u6807\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5907\u6218\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5b8c\u5584\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5404\u79cd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6307\u6807\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u70b9\u7684\u5206\u6790\u548c\u786e\u5b9a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u6ce1\u6cab\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u884c\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6ce1\u6cab\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u7d27\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u5316\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u6210\u672c\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u503c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n4.3.2.2.                       
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u63a7\u5236\u6760\u6746\u7684\u5206\u6790\u53ca\u786e\u5b9a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u6700\u4f18\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5176\u6700\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5145\u5206\u8fd0\u7528\u53cd\u9988\u673a\u5236<\/span>[2]<\/span><\/sup>\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u673a\u5236\u5c31\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u70b9\u53ca\u5176\u7406\u60f3\u503c\u6765\u9009\u53d6\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6760\u6746\uff08\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u63a7\u5236\u6760\u6746\u5e94\u5c3d\u91cf\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u8282\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6760\u6746\uff0c
      \n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u6211\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5730\u4ea7\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e2d\u7684\u7269\u4e1a\u7a7a\u7f6e\u7a0e\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u6760\u6746\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u786e\u5b9a\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n4.3.3.                    
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\uff08\u5907\u6218\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u6a21\u578b\uff09<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n\u57fa\u4e8e\u5907\u6218\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6a21\u578b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u5907\u6218\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u53ca\u63a7\u5236\u6760\u6746\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n4.4.                 
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u7279\u522b\u5185\u5bb9<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n\u5907\u6218\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8986\u76d6\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u884c\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u6240\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7406\u8bba\u90fd\u662f\u5f88\u57fa\u672c\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u4ea7\u54c1\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/span> <\/span><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n4.4.1.                    
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u4ea7\u54c1\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd0\u7528\u4ea7\u54c1\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ed3\u6784\u63a7\u5236\u70b9<\/b>\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u65b0\u5174\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u70b9\uff0c\u843d\u540e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u70b9\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ed3\u6784\u63a7\u5236\u70b9\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5e76\u5bfb\u627e\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6760\u6746\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ed3\u6784\u8c03\u6574\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n\u00b7        
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u65b0\u5174\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u53ca\u57f9\u80b2<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n\u00b7        
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f20\u7edf\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5347\u7ea7<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n\u00b7        
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u843d\u540e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u9000\u51fa<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n4.4.2.                    
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd0\u7528\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ef7\u503c\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u786e\u5b9a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u6ce1\u6cab\u5ea6\u63a7\u5236\u70b9<\/b>\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u6ce1\u6cab\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6d88\u9664\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u96c6\u7ea6\u6027\u548c\u73af\u4fdd\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n4.4.3.                    
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8f6e\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n\u5173\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8f6e\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u5728\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u9610\u8ff0\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8f6e\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u5316\u6307\u6807\u53ca\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u70b9<\/b>\uff08\u8f93\u5165\u4e0e\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u63a7\u5236\u70b9\u53ca\u63a7\u5236\u6760\u6746\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u56fd\u9645\u5316\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6027\u548c\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\uff08\u5185\u90e8\u53ca\u5916\u90e8\uff09\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n\u00b7        
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0a\u884c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8f6e\u7684\u8854\u63a5<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n\u00b7        
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0b\u884c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8f6e\u7684\u8854\u63a5<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n\u00b7        
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u56fd\u5185\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8f6e\u7684\u8854\u63a5<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n5.   <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u7279\u522b\u539f\u5219<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n\u5229\u7528\u5907\u6218\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5728\u786e\u5b9a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6760\u6746\u65f6\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u5f3a\u8c03\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n5.1.                 
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u63a7\u5236\u6760\u6746\uff08\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\uff09\u7684\u786e\u7acb\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5145\u5206\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5c31\u4e1a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n5.2.                 
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u63a7\u5236\u6760\u6746\uff08\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\uff09\u7684\u786e\u7acb\u8981\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u51cf\u5c11\u901a\u8d27\u81a8\u80c0<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n5.3.                 
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u63a7\u5236\u6760\u6746\uff08\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\uff09\u7684\u786e\u7acb\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u8d22\u5bcc\u5206\u914d<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n5.4.                 
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u63a7\u5236\u6760\u6746\uff08\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\uff09\u7684\u786e\u7acb\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5168\u4f53\u793e\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u6027\u548c\u5171\u4eab\u6027<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n6.   <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u4e0e\u5907\u6218\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n\u5907\u6218\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u540c\u5907\u6218\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8f\u89c2\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5e76\u65e0\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u5907\u6218\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u4e5f\u662f\u5b8f\u89c2\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u5206\u652f\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u65b9\u4f4d\u7684\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u5206\u6790\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u5229\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6760\u6746\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u65f6\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u8282\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u7406\u8bba\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n7.   <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u610f\u4e49<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n\u5907\u6218\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n\u00b7        
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8fd0\u884c\u73b0\u72b6\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u548c\u5168\u9762\u6027\u610f\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
      \n\u00b7        
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u8fd1\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u548c\u91cd\u70b9\u6027\u610f\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
      \n\u00b7        
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9009\u53d6\u63a7\u5236\u6760\u6746\uff08\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\uff09\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6027\u610f\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
      \n\u00b7        
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u6027\u610f\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
      \n\u00b7        
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9e\u65f6\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u8282\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u6027\u610f\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
      \n\u00b7        
      \n<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u786e\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\u5173\u7cfb\u53ca\u5916\u90e8\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6027\u610f\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n8.   <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u603b\u7ed3<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n\u5907\u6218\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u662f\u5907\u6218\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u53c8\u4e00\u91cd\u5927\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u5907\u6218\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5c06\u62e8\u5f00\u4e91\u96fe\u89c1\u9752\u5929<\/b>\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8fd0\u884c\u73b0\u72b6\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u4e00\u6e05\u4e8c\u695a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u4e8e\u73b0\u5b9e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6027\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u6027\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u548c\u76f4\u63a5\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u8282\u3002\u5907\u6218\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5c06\u6784\u5efa\u6211\u4eec\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u5171\u6709\u7684\u822a\u884c\u5728\u592a\u7a7a\u4e2d\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u98de\u8239\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6307\u5bfc\u5404\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\u72ec\u7acb\u5e76\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u7684\u5177\u6709\u5c42\u6b21\u6027\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u660e\u5929\u3002<\/b>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002
      \n\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5d2d\u65b0\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5176\u8986\u76d6\u7684\u9886\u57df\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u9610\u8ff0\u7684\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5de5\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u4e1a\u5185\u4eba\u58eb\u5171\u540c\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n
      \n[1].http:\/\/wiki.mbalib.com\/wiki\/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E8%AE%BA<\/span><\/div>\n
      \n[2].http:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/link?url=_y8FU8PeLtK1_xz9OLfdBJYm4W27LlHuDVr8DD_uzTYMaCLhc5PLHwzqil9BGbHixW3KLf2HfObTiEe4gqpHTePQGsK70o1HYuGKBSgO_RS73KDdnXjnYqWnz6koFOTr<\/span><\/div>\n
      \n<\/div>\n

      <\/p>\n

      \n  — Beizhan Liu<\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Economic Wheel \u2013 Beizhan Economic Control Theory [\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e4b\u8f6e \u2013 \u5907\u6218\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba]  1. Introduction I often compare our planet to we all owned the spacecraft sailing in the space. So the spacecraft’s economy as the world economy and national economy, how shall we develop and control it? After I have proposed the limited economic development theory and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3549,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"iawp_total_views":1,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1498","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-birdview"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1498","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1498"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1498\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4975,"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1498\/revisions\/4975"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3549"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1498"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1498"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beizhanliu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1498"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}